2017年考研英语二真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmarkA,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,withacademics,writers,and activists once again_1_that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2.A few wealthy people willown all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of adifferent sort,one 4_by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives 5,people will simplybecome lazy and depressed.6today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time.OneGallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a yearreport having depression,double the rate for ZAmericans.Also,some research suggests that the8 for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting9 poorly-educatedmiddle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizingdullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filledwith unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on theconcept of employment.In the 13 of work,a society designed with other ends in mindcould 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the 15 ofwork may be a bit overblown."Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste ofhuman potential,"says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days,because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers,people use their freea hard day's work,I often feel 18,"Danaher says,adding,"In a world in which I don't haveto work,I might feel rather different"-perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobbyor a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A]boasting[B]denying[C]waming[D]ensuring2.[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty3.[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction4.[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured5.[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless7.[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated8.[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute9.[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among10.[A]leave behind[B]make up[C]worry about[D]set aside11.[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically12.[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles13.[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course14.[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield15.[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship16.[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce17.[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats18.[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved19.[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into20.[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning,at 9 am,more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km aroundtheir local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and hasinspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousandsof volunteers.Runners range from four years old to grandparents;their times rangefrom Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy"is failing.Ten years ago onMonday,it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level anation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doingweekly sport did rise,by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the generalpopulation was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an acceleratingrate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport aweek have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Officialretrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation"Thesuccess of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial:Your only competitor is the clock.The ethoswelcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clappedover the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.The dualaim was mixed up:The stress on success over taking part was intimidating fornewcomers.Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planningof such a fundamentally "grassroots",concept as community sports associations.Ifthere is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providingcommon goods-making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pavetennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities inschools.But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future governments need to do more to providethe conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make them worse21.According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has_A.gained great popularityB.created many jobsC.strengthened community tiesD.become an official festival22.The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy"has failed toA.boost population growthB.promote sport participationC.improve the city's imageD.increase sport hours in schools23.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that itA.aims at discovering talentsB.focuses on mass competitionC.does not emphasize elitismD.does not attract first-timers24.With regard to mass sport,the author holds that governments shouldA.organize "grassroots"sports eventsB.supervise local sports associationsC.increase funds for sports clubsD.invest in public sports facilities25.The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports isA.tolerantB.criticalC.uncertainD.sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget abouttheir own screen use."Tech is designed to really suck on you in,"says Jenny Radeskyin her study of digital play,"and digital products are there to promote maximalengagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into thefamily routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by givingmother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devicesduring the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbalinteractions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phonesbecame a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emailswhile the children would be making excited bids for their attentionInfants are wired to look at parents'faces to try to understand their world,and if thosefaces are blank and unresponsive-as they often are when absorbed in a device-itcan be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the "still faceexperiment"devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,amother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blankexpression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomesincreasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention."Parents don'thave to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parentsneed to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of anemotional need,"says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use ofscreens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents shouldalways be interacting"with their children:"It's based on a somewhat fantasized,verywhite,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose yourchild to 30,000 words you are neglecting them."Tronick believes that just because achild isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it-particularly ifit gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break fromtheir child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friendor get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then bemore available to the ir child the rest of the time.26.According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed toA.simplify routine mattersB.absorb user attentionC.better interpersonal relationsD.increase work efficiency27.Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers'use of devicesA.takes away babies'appetiteB.distracts children's attentionC.slows down babies'verbal developmentD.reduces mother-child communication28.Radesky's cites the "still face experiment"to show thatA.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC.children are insensitive to changes in their parents'moodD.parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents toA.protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB.teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC.ensure constant interaction with their childrenD.remain concerned about kid's use of screens29.【答案】C【解析】本题目为具体细节题。根据题干的关键词oppressive ideology和大写字母Tronick定位到最后一段的第一句话hat之后。本句that后的demands对应题干的requires,说道“父母应该总是要交流”。正确选项C的constant interaction对应原文的always interacting。干扰项A的fantasies是定位句下一句中的个别词干扰：选项B的30000wods同样是定位句之后的句子中提到的，而且是if的一个条件句；选项D的concerned是末段首句的concerned,但是偷换概念。30.According to Tronick,kid's use of screens mayA.give their parents some free timeB.make their parents more creativeC.help them with their homeworkD.help them become more attentiveText 3Today,widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction withincreasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students tocompletely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year.After all,if everyone youknow is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesn't it?Andafter going to school for 12 years,it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doingsomething that isn't academic.